@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:ital,wght@0,100..900;1,100..900&display=swap');
* { box-sizing: border-box;padding: 0; margin: 0; }
a { transition: 0.5s; }
/*css grid*/
.col-1{width:8.33%;}
.col-2{width:16.66%;}
.col-3{width:25%;}
.col-4{width:33.33%;}
.col-5{width:41.66%;}
.col-6{width:50%;}
.col-7{width:58.33%;}
.col-8{width:66.66%;}
.col-9{width:75%;}
.col-10{width:83.33%;}
.col-11{width:91.66%;}
.col-12{width:100%;}
[class*="col-"]{padding: 0 15px;}
/*css grid ens*/
img { max-width:100%; height:auto;}
/*imp*/
.row{margin:0 -15px;display: flex;flex-wrap: wrap;}
a {color: #D40800;}
@media only screen and (max-width: 767px){
    .container {max-width:100%;}
    [class*="col-"] { width: 100%; }
}


body {
     font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    background-color: #f7f7f7;
}
p {
    color: rgb(39, 39, 39);
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: 400;
	line-height: 26px;}

header {
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
}
h2 { font-size:23px;font-weight:bold;}
h3 { font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;}
h4 { font-size:17px;font-weight:bold;}
h5{ font-size:15px;font-weight:bold;}
h6{ font-size:13px;font-weight:bold;}
.container {
    
    padding: 20px;
}

.sidebar, .recommended-articles {
    width: 250px;
    padding: 15px;
    background-color: #fff;
    border-radius: 5px;
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin-right: 20px;
}

.article-content {
    flex-grow: 1;
    background-color: #fff;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

#outline-list {
    list-style-type: none;
    padding: 0;
}

#outline-list li {
    margin: 10px 0;
}

#outline-list a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #007bff;
}

#outline-list a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

#show-full-outline {
    color: #007bff;
    text-decoration: none;
}

#show-full-outline:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.author-icons {
    cursor: pointer;
    color: #007bff;
}

.author-icons:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.recommended-articles ul {
    list-style-type: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.recommended-articles li {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.recommended-articles a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #007bff;
}

.recommended-articles a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}
.sidebar-container {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 300px;
    height: 100vh;
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    border-left: 1px solid #ddd;
    transform: translateX(100%);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease-in-out;
  }

  .sidebar {
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .sidebar-container {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 300px;
    height: 100vh;
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    border-left: 1px solid #ddd;
    transform: translateX(100%);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease-in-out;
  }

  .sidebar {
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .sidebar-content {
    position: relative;
  }

  .close-btn {
    background-color: transparent;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  .author-link:hover + .sidebar-container,
  .sidebar-container.active {
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
  

  .modal-content ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
  }

  .modal-content li {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .modal-content a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #337ab7;
  }

  .modal-content a:hover {
    color: #23527c;
  }

  #close-modal {
    background-color: #337ab7;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  #close-modal:hover {
    background-color: #23527c;
  }


 

  .modal-content h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
  }

  .modal-content ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
  }

  .modal-content li {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
  }

  .modal-content a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #337ab7;
  }

  .modal-content a:hover {
    color: #23527c;
  }

  #close-btn {
    background-color: #337ab7;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  #close-btn:hover {
    background-color: #23527c;
  }
  .sidebar-container {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: 0;
    width: 300px;
    height: 100vh;
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
    border-left: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 20px;
    display: none;
  }
  
  .sidebar-container.active {
    display: block;
  }
  
  .close-btn {
    position: absolute;
    top: 10px;
    right: 10px;
    font-size: 12px;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  /* Impact Statement styling */
#impact-statement-content {
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  padding: 15px;
  margin-top: 15px;
  background-color: #e7f3ff;
  display: none; /* Initially hidden */
}

#impact-statement-content h3 {
  font-size: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

#impact-statement-content p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
#click-count {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #555;
}

     /* Reset */

        body,

        h1,

        h2,

        h3,

        h4,

        h5,

        h6,

        p,

        ul,

        li,

        a {

            margin: 0;

            padding: 0;

            text-decoration: none;

            list-style: none;

        }



        /* Basic styling */




        /* Header styling */

        header {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            /* White background */

            color: #000000;

            /* Black text */

            padding: 20px 0;

        }



        header .header-content {

            display: flex;

            align-items: center;

            justify-content: space-between;

            max-width: 1200px;

            margin: 0 auto;

            padding: 0 20px;

        }



        header .logo-container img {

            width: 150px;

        }



        header .header-title h1 {font-size: 14px;margin-left: 0;text-transform: uppercase;color: #233287;}



        /* Navigation menu styling */

        nav {background-color: #4A4543;

            /* Dark Grey background */}



        nav ul.nav-list {display: flex;/* justify-content: center; */padding: 0;}



        nav ul.nav-list li {margin: 0 5px;position: relative;}



        nav ul.nav-list li a {color: #ffffff;

            /* White text */padding: 18px 12px;display: block;transition: background-color 0.3s;font-size: 14px;}



        nav ul.nav-list li a:hover {background-color: #b9241e;

            /* White background */border-radius: 0;color: #ffffff;

            /* Dark Grey text */}



        nav ul.nav-list li.active a {

            background-color: #333;

            /* Dark Grey background */

            border-radius: 5px;

            color: #ffffff;

            /* White text */

        }



        /* Dropdown styling */

        .dropdown-content {

            display: none;

            position: absolute;

            background-color: #000;

            /* White background */

            color: #000000;

            /* Black text */

            box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);

            min-width: 200px;

            z-index: 1000;

        }



        .dropdown-content a {

            color: #000;

            /* Black text */

            padding: 10px 15px;

            display: block;

            text-align: left;

            white-space: nowrap;

        }



        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {

            display: block;

        }



        .dropdown-content a:hover {

            background-color: #000000;

            /* Light gray background */

        }



        /* Main content area styling */

        .container-w {

            max-width: 1200px;

            margin: 20px auto;

            padding: 20px;

            background-color: #f9f9f9;

            border-radius: 10px;

            box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

        }



      


        .container-w section.visible-content {

            display: block;

        }



        .container-w h2 {

            font-size: 22px;

            color: #000000;

            /* Black text */

            margin-bottom: 15px;

        }



        .container-w p {

            margin-bottom: 15px;

            line-height: 1.6;

        }



        /* Footer styling */

        footer {

            background-color: #f9f9f9;

            /* Dark Grey background */

            color: #000000;

            /* Black text */

            text-align: center;

            padding: 20px 0;

        }



        footer .footer-links {

            margin-bottom: 10px;

        }



        footer .footer-links a {

            color: #000000;

            /* Black text */

            margin: 0 10px;

        }



        footer p {

            font-size: 14px;

        }



        #about-journal {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            /* White background */

            color: #ffffff;

            /* Black text */

        }



        #home {background-color: #ffffff;color: #000000;margin-left: 0;padding-left: 20px;  /* Adds padding so the text doesn't touch the left edge */position: relative;  /* Allows for fine-tuned positioning */left: 0;}



        #contact {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            color: #000000;

        }



        #about-journal {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            color: #000000;

        }



        #editorial {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            color: #000000;

        }



        #publishing {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            color: #000000;

        }



        #policies {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            color: #000000;

        }



        #submission {

            background-color: #ffffff;

            color: #000000;

        }



        .nav-list li a {

            color: #ffffff;

            /* White text */

        }



        /* Style for the red background on hover */

        .nav-list li a:hover,

        .nav-list li.active a {

            background-color: #333;

            /* Dark Grey background */

            border-radius: 5px;

            color: #ffffff;

            /* White text */

        }

        /* The Modal (background) */





/* The Close Button */

.close {

    color: #aaa;

    float: right;

    font-size: 28px;

    font-weight: bold;

}



.close:hover,

.close:focus {

    color: black;

    text-decoration: none;

    cursor: pointer;

}



/* Export List Styling */

.export-list {

    list-style-type: none;

    padding: 0;

    margin: 15px 0;

}



.export-list li {

    margin: 10px 0;

}



.export-list a {

    text-decoration: none;

    color: #007bff;

    font-weight: bold;

    transition: color 0.3s ease;

}



.export-list a:hover {

    color: #0056b3;

}



/* Additional Styling for Modal Appearance */

.modal-content h3 {

    margin-top: 0;

    font-size: 24px;

    font-weight: 600;

}



.modal-content p {

    font-size: 16px;

    color: #333;

}



.modal-content ul {

    padding-left: 20px;

}



.modal-content li {

    font-size: 16px;

    color: #333;

}








/* Close button styling */

.close {

    color: #aaa;

    float: right;

    font-size: 28px;

    font-weight: bold;

    margin-top: -10px;

}



.close:hover,

.close:focus {

    color: #000;

    text-decoration: none;

    cursor: pointer;

}



/* Heading styling */

.modal-content h3 {

    font-size: 1.5em;

    margin-bottom: 20px;

    color: #333;

}



/* Paragraph styling */

.modal-content p {

    margin-bottom: 15px;

    font-size: 1em;

    color: #555;

}



/* Export list styling */

.export-list {

    list-style-type: none;

    padding: 0;

}



.export-list li {

    margin-bottom: 10px;

}



.export-list li a {

    text-decoration: none;

    color: #007bff;

    font-size: 1em;

    transition: color 0.3s ease;

}



.export-list li a:hover {

    color: #0056b3;

    text-decoration: underline;

}



/* Keyframe animation for the modal */

@keyframes fadeIn {

    from {

        opacity: 0;

        transform: translateY(-10%);

    }

    to {

        opacity: 1;

        transform: translateY(0);

    }

}





.outline-bar {

    position: sticky;

    top: 20px;

    width: 200px;

    background-color: #f8f9fa;

    padding: 20px;

    margin-right: 20px;

    border-radius: 8px;

    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

}



.outline-bar ul {

    list-style-type: none;

    padding: 0;

}



.outline-bar ul li {

    margin-bottom: 10px;

}



.outline-bar ul li a {

    text-decoration: none;

    color: #007bff;

    font-weight: bold;

}



.outline-bar ul li a:hover {

    text-decoration: underline;

}



.article-content {

    flex-grow: 1;

    padding: 20px;

}



.article-content section {

    margin-bottom: 40px;

}

.notification-bar {

    background-color: #f8f9fa;

    padding: 15px;

    border: 1px solid #ddd;

    border-radius: 5px;

    margin-bottom: 20px;

    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

    display: flex; /* Use flexbox for horizontal alignment */

    justify-content: space-between; /* Add space between items */

    align-items: center;
}

/* Notification Item Styles */
.notification-item {

    background-color: #ffffff;

    padding: 10px;

    margin-bottom: 10px;

    border-left: 5px solid #007bff;

    border-radius: 4px;

    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);

    font-family: Arial, sans-serif;

    font-size: 14px;

    color: #333;

    flex-grow: 1; /* Ensure items take up equal space */

    text-align: center; /* Center text within the notification */
}

.notification-item a {

    text-decoration: none;

    color: #007bff;

    font-weight: bold;
}

.notification-item a:hover {

    text-decoration: underline;
}



/* Marquee effect */

.notification-bar p {

display: inline-block;

padding-left: 10%; /* Start the text outside the viewable area */


white-space: nowrap;



}

@keyframes marquee {

            from { transform: translateX(100%); }

            to { transform: translateX(-100%); }

        }
/* Create a container for both main content and sidebar */
#home-page-container {
    display: flex; /* Enables flexbox layout */
    justify-content: space-between; /* Distributes space between elements */
    align-items: flex-start; /* Aligns items to the top */
    margin: 20px; /* Adds some margin around the content */
}

#home {
    flex: 3; /* Main content takes up more space */
    background-color: #ffffff;
    color: #000000;
    padding: 20px;
}

#home-page-info {
    flex: 1; /* Sidebar takes up less space */
    background-color: #f4f4f4;
    padding: 20px;
    margin-left: 20px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 10px;
    position: sticky;
    top: 20px; /* Keeps the sidebar fixed as you scroll */
}

/* Main content styling */
#home {
    width: 100%; /* Adjust the width of the main content to leave space for the sidebar */
 /* Float the main content to the left */
    padding: 30px;
    background-color: #ffffff;
    color: #000000;
    margin-right: 60px; /* Adds some space between the main content and the sidebar */
}



aside.sidebar {
            position: static;
            top: -10px;
            right: 0;
            width: 100%;
            background-color: #FFFDD0;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);
            font-size: 14px;
            color: #000;
            margin: 0;
        }

/* Responsive design */

/* For desktops and laptops */
@media only screen and (min-width: 1065px) {
    header .header-content {
        max-width: 1065x;
    }
    .container-w,header .header-content {
        max-width: 1265px;
    }
}

/* For tablets and small laptops */
@media only screen and (min-width: 68px) and (max-width: 1199px) {
    header .header-content {
        max-width: 668px;
    }
    .container-w {
        max-width: 668px;
    }
    nav ul.nav-list {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

}

.c-blog-w li.categories {color: #000; font-weight: bold;
font-size: 24px;}
.c-blog-w ul,.post-inner ol,.post-inner ul { margin-top: 15px; }
.c-blog-w ul li.cat-item,.category  ol li ,.post-inner ol li,.post-inner ul li{ display: block;margin-bottom: 0px;
font-weight: normal;line-height: 100%;padding-left: 30px;padding-bottom: 12px;padding-top: 12px; position: relative; }
.c-blog-w ul li a,.category  ol li a { font-size: 18px; }
.c-blog-w ul li,.c-blog-w ol li,.category  ol li { border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; }
.c-blog-w ul, .category  ol,.c-blog-w ol {
  counter-reset: item;}
.post-inner ol { margin:0; padding:0;}
.c-blog-w ul li::before,.c-blog-w ol li::before,.category  ol li:before ,.post-inner ol li:before {
  display: inline-block;
  content: counter(item) ") ";
  counter-increment: item;
  width: 2em;
  margin-left: 0;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 16px;
}

.post-inner ol {counter-reset: item;}
.post-inner ol li a { font-size: 16px;line-height: normal; }
.category  ol li a { font-size: 16px;line-height: normal; }


.dkpdf-button-container { padding-right: 20px; }
.post-comment-link  { display: none; }
nav ul.nav-list li.current-menu-item a {
    background-color: #D40800;
    border-radius: 0;
    color: #fff;
}
.post-inner p strong , .post-inner p b  {font-size: 16px;color: #000000;}
.post-inner h4  {font-size: 18px;color: #000000;}
.post-inner h3 {font-size: 20px;color: #000000;}
.post-inner h2 {font-size: 22px;color: #000000;}
.pagination-single { display: none; } 
.author-link { display: none; }
h1 {color: #09165c;font-size: 19px;}
.dkpdf-button {background-color: #000000;color: #fff;padding: 8px 20px 10px;border-radius: 8px;line-height: 100%;/* line-height: 100%; */}
.dkpdf-button:hover { color: #fff; background-color: #000; }
.header-title h1 { font-size: 22px;   }

.c-menu-btn {color: #fff;background-color: #4d6b12;padding: 9px 20px;text-align: center;text-align: center;width: 93%;margin: 10px auto;font-size: 16px;border-radius: 8px;border: none;outline: none;font-size: 18px;font-weight: bold;cursor: pointer;display: none;}
.c-menu-btn i { margin-left: 10px; }
@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {
.c-menu-btn { display: block; }
.post-inner p strong , .post-inner p b  {font-size: 14px;color: #14438a;}
.post-inner h4  {font-size: 15px;color: #14438a;}
.post-inner h3 {font-size: 18px;color: #14438a;}
.post-inner h2 { font-size: 20px;color: #D40800 }
.pagination-single { display: none; } 
.author-link { display: none; }
h1 { font-size: 16px; }
p { font-size: 13px; line-height: 22px; }
nav ul.nav-list { display: block; }
nav ul.nav-list li  { margin: 0; }
nav ul.nav-list li a { border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; }
header .header-content { display: block; }
header .header-title h1 { margin: 0px; font-size: 16px; }
.dkpdf-button-container { padding-bottom: 0px;padding-right: 0; display: flex;
justify-content: center; }
.c-nav-w { display: none; }
.addtoany_list { text-align: center;display: flex;justify-content: center; }
}
.post-inner h1,.post-inner h2 ,.post-inner h3,.post-inner h4 { margin:13px 0;} 
.post-inner ul { padding:0; margin:0}
.post-inner ul > li { padding-left:13px;}
.post-inner ul > li:before { content:""; display:block; position:absolute; left:0; top:16px; width:5px; height:5px; border-radius:50%;
background:#09165c; border-radius:50%;} 
.c-post-list { display: flex;margin: 0; padding: 0; flex-wrap: wrap; 
margin-top: 15px;color:  }
.c-post-list li { margin-right: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.c-post-list li a {color: #0000ef !important;display: flex;align-items: center;}
.c-post-list li a i ,.c-post-list li a svg {color: #233287 !important;
margin-right: 6px;font-size: 18px;}
.modal {z-index: 9999;}
.dkpdf-button-container {margin-top: -57px;position: relative;z-index: 9;padding-right: 0;padding: 0;padding-bottom: 0px;}
.dkpdf-button-container {float: none;display: block;margin-left: auto;width: 140px;padding-bottom: 10px;}
.sidebar h3 { margin-bottom: 20px;font-size: 20px;font-weight: bold; }
.text-left { text-align:left;}
.header-footer-group { padding-left:15px; padding-right:15px;}
.addtoany_content_top { display: none;}
.addtoany_content_bottom { display: none;}
.container-w p i { font-weight: normal !important;font-family: sans-serif;}
.container-w .post-inner  table {
      width: 100%;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #212529;
    vertical-align: top;
    border-color: #dee2e6;
    caption-side: bottom;
    border-collapse: collapse;
}
.container-w .post-inner table td ,.container-w .post-inner table th {
    border-width: 1px;
    padding: .5rem .5rem;
    border-color: #dee2e6;
    border-style: solid;
}
.container-w .post-inner table th { font-weight:600;} 
.c-page-t .color-accent { display: none}
.post-inner h1, .post-inner h2, .post-inner h3, .post-inner h4,.post-inner h5,.post-inner h6  {font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif;
font-weight:bold}
.post-inner p { font-size:17px;color:#000; font-weight: normal}
.post-inner p strong  {font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;
font-weight:bold;font-size:18px;}
.post-inner,.entry-header-inner {font-family:'Times New Roman', Times, serif !important;
}
.entry-header-inner h1 {font-size:23px;color:#000;font-weight:bold}
.c-post-list li { font-size:18px;}
.container-w { background:#fff;}
.c-header-social ul { display: flex;justify-content: center; }

.c-header-social ul li { margin: 0 6px; }

.c-header-social ul li a { width: 40px;height: 40px; border-radius: 50%;border: 1px solid #00BED6;

display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center; font-size: 18px;color: #0D9E32;

background: #E1F6F8; }
.c-logo-w img {
    width: 150px;
}
.c-header-top {align-items: center;background: #fff;}
.c-header-top-btn a { display: inline-flex;background: #D40800;  }
.c-header-top-btn .admissionEnq { justify-content: flex-end;display: flex; }
.c-header-bottom { background: #4A4543; }
.jgRRws {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    border: none;
    padding: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    /* box-shadow: rgb(225, 122, 125) 2px 3px 1px 2px; */
    border-radius: 5px;
    background: rgb(171, 48, 52);
}
.ph_icon {
    width: 33px;
    height: 33px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    background: rgb(171, 48, 52);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-right: 7px;
    border: 1px solid rgb(255, 255, 255);
}
.c-header-top-btn a {display: inline-flex;background: #D40800;}
.text{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:start;align-items:start;color:rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right:10px;}

.text p{color:rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:12px;}

.text h4{font-size:14px;margin-top:-4px;}

.text{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:start;align-items:start;color:rgb(255, 255, 255);padding-right:10px;}

.text a{color:rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration:navajowhite;}

.text p{color:rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size:12px;margin-top:-5px;}

.text h4{font-size:16px;margin-top:-4px;font-weight:400;}
.ph_icon svg {
    width: 15px;
    height: 20px;
    color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
}
footer {background:rgb(159, 35, 33);}
footer p {color:#fff;}
@media only screen and (max-width: 1065px) {
	.c-header-top-btn a { margin-top:10px !important}	
.c-logo-w { text-align:center;}	
	.c-logo-w a { margin:0}
	.c-header-top-btn .admissionEnq { display:block}
	.c-header-top-btn { text-align:center;}
	.c-mobile-offf { display:none}
.dkpdf-button-container {margin-top: 00px;}
	.dkpdf-button-container{ margin:0 auto;}
	.c-header-social ul { display: flex;justify-content: center;margin:15px 0; }
}